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Problem Solving for the 21st Century: Built for the Common Core

Fruit

Eli has nine oranges and three apples. Luke has six oranges and seven apples. Eli says he has the same amount of fruit as Luke. Is Eli correct? Show and tell how you know.

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instructional
Domain:
Aligned Standard:
Mathematical Practices:
  • MP.1
  • MP.1

    Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.

  • MP.3
  • MP.3

    Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.

  • MP.4
  • MP.4

    Model with mathematics.

  • MP.6
  • MP.6

    Attend to precision.

View all Grade 1 tasks

More Accessible Version

Eli has five oranges and three apples. Luke has two oranges and seven apples. Eli says he has the same amount of fruit as Luke. Is Eli correct? Show and tell how you know.

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More Challenging Version

Eli has nine oranges and three apples. Luke has six oranges and seven apples. Joel has two oranges and eleven apples. Eli says he has the same amount of fruit as Luke and Joel. Is Eli correct? Show and tell how you know.

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Plan

Underlying Mathematical Concepts

  • Number sense to 13
  • Counting on/Addition
  • Comparison

Possible Problem-Solving Strategies

  • Model (manipulatives)
  • Diagram/Key
  • Tally chart
  • Chart
  • Number line

Formal Mathematical Language and Symbolic Notation

  • Model
  • Diagram/Key
  • Tally chart
  • Chart
  • Number line
  • Per
  • Addend
  • Total/Sum
  • Amount
  • Sets
  • More than (>)/Greater than (>)/Less than (<)
  • Equivalent/Equal to
  • Rule
  • Odd + Odd = Even
  • Even + Even = Even
  • Odd + Even = Odd
  • Combinations
  • Halves, half of

A student may independently select a printed number line, number chart, ten frames, graph paper, etc. as they work on a task.

Download printable resources for student representations.

Suggested Materials

Engagement Image:

Teachers may project the image below to launch this task for their students, define nouns, promote discussion, access prior knowledge, and inspire engagement and problem solving.

Click image to enlarge

Task-Specific Evidence

This task requires students to understand that the equal sign represents a relationship where expressions on each side of the equal sign represent the same value(s). Students also need to combine numbers and compare sums to determine equality.

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Possible Solutions

  • Task Solution (active tab)
  • More Accessible Solution
  • More Challenging Solution
Task Solution

No, Eli is not correct.

More Accessible Solution

No, Eli is not correct.

More Challenging Solution

No, Eli is not correct.

Possible Connections

Below are some examples of mathematical connections. Your students may discover some that are not on this list.

  • Eli has a dozen pieces of fruit.
  • Luke has half a dozen apples.
  • They have a total of 25 pieces of fruit.
  • Luke has 1 less orange than apple.
  • Luke has 1 more piece of fruit than Eli.
  • Eli: 9 + 3 = 12 (Odd + Odd = Even rule).
  • Luke: 6 + 7 = 13 (Even + Odd = Odd rule).
  • Relate to a similar task and state a math link.
  • Solve more than one way to verify the answer.
  • Other combinations are found for 12 or 13.
  • Eli has 6 more apples than oranges.
  • There are no equal sets of apples and oranges per boy.
  • Eli has an odd number of apples and oranges.
  • Luke has an even number of apples and an odd number of oranges.

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